What happened
The Government of India estimates that 45% of India’s exports to the United States would be outside the scope of an additional 10% tariff. The estimate is presented through tariff-coverage and tariff-exemption logic, separating export categories that are affected by the incremental duty from export categories that are unaffected.
Background and earlier position
Tariffs generally apply through product-level rules rather than uniformly across all trade. For any proposed tariff increase, the practical question for exporters is which specific export categories fall under tariff coverage and which export categories are excluded through tariff exemption rules. So trade exposure is often discussed in terms of tariff coverage at the product-category level, not only the headline tariff rate.
What changed now (government’s estimate)
The Government of India’s current estimate introduces a quantified exposure claim: 45% of India’s exports to the United States are projected to be outside the scope of additional 10% tariffs. The explainer frames this as a result of tariff coverage and tariff exemption rules that identify which export categories are affected versus unaffected.