Both demolition and rehabilitation duties of the govt., says SC

What happened

The Supreme Court considered a request from an NGO concerning two connected issues: (1) demolition of alleged illegal constructions and (2) how authorities should treat families affected by demolition. The NGO argued that affected families reportedly receive basic services such as electricity and water for years, while the legal framework lacks sufficient human-rights protections. The Court asked the Centre and States to consider drafting a uniform approach for demolition of unauthorized structures, with simultaneous rehabilitation for impacted households. Chief Justice of India Surya Kant described demolition and rehabilitation as inseparable “twin responsibilities” in a welfare democracy.

Background and earlier position

The Supreme Court noted a governance pattern: States often allow unauthorized structures to remain for decades before taking action. The NGO’s argument highlighted a human-impact problem in enforcement. According to the NGO, demolition without proper rehabilitation can displace women and children into the streets, raising concerns about rights and safety during eviction.

What changed now

The Supreme Court’s direction moved the focus from demolition alone to a linked policy requirement. The Court directed the Centre and States to consider a uniform approach that requires rehabilitation of impacted households alongside demolition of unauthorized structures. The Bench also included a caution that courts should not enter policymaking. Even so, the Court’s emphasis stayed on ensuring a rehabilitation policy exists when demolition is pursued.