Months of cross-border fighting killed 500 Afghan civilians: UN
UN reported nearly 500 Afghan civilian deaths and over 1,000 injuries from Pakistan–Afghanistan cross-border fighting between October and end-June.

- United Nations casualty reporting can track civilian harm, even when legal responsibility stays disputed.
- Pakistan blames Afghanistan for sheltering militants linked to attacks in Pakistan, while Afghanistan denies the charge.
- Exam questions can ask for the reported October to end-of-June period in which United Nations recorded civilian deaths and injuries.
What happened (UN-reported casualty numbers)
The United Nations reported that cross-border fighting between Pakistan and Afghanistan resulted in nearly 500 Afghan civilian deaths in Afghanistan. The United Nations also reported more than 1,000 injuries to Afghan civilians. The reported period for these civilian impacts is from October to the end of June.
Background and earlier positions (Pakistan–Afghanistan dispute over militants)
UPSC may ask candidates to distinguish UN-reported civilian harm numbers (who was harmed) from disputed responsibility claims between Pakistan and Afghanistan (who is blamed).
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