What happened (June RBI measures and FPI into government bonds)

Background and earlier position (how FPI into bonds typically moves)

Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) means foreign investors buy financial assets such as government securities without acquiring controlling ownership of firms. FPI into government bonds is closely linked to sovereign bond yields—returns implied by bond prices. Bond yields reflect market expectations about inflation and the likely path of interest rates. If Reserve Bank of India measures change those expectations or perceived risk, foreign investors can rebalance bond portfolios. Benchmark or index tracking can also cause flows to move together, because fund managers may align holdings with benchmark composition.

What changed now (June movement around RBI measures)

Why it matters for UPSC (monetary policy transmission to debt markets)