What The Indian Express opinion argues

The Indian Express opinion argues that governance should not be framed as an either/or contest between government action and citizen expectations. The opinion stresses strengthening governance systems and institutional mechanisms so public outcomes improve through better implementation and accountability.

Why the either/or framing is limiting

Public policy debates often turn into responsibility contests about whether government or citizens should act. In public administration, outcomes depend on whether institutions convert policy intent into delivery through planning, coordination, monitoring, and grievance redress.

What changes in emphasis